There were no donkeys in Guizhou until an eccentric took one there by boat; but finding no use for it he set it loose in the hills.
A tiger who saw this monstrous-looking beast thought it must be divine. It first surveyed the donkey from under cover, then ventured a little nearer, still keeping a respectful distance however.
One day the donkey brayed, and the tiger took fright and fled, for fear of being bitten. It was utterly terrified. But it came back for another look, and decided this creature was not so formidable after all.
Then, growing used to the braying, it drew nearer, though it still dared not attack. Coming nearer still, it began to take liberties, shoving, jostling, and charging roughly, till the donkey lost its temper and kicked out.
“So that is all it can do!” thought the tiger, greatly pleased.
Then it leaped on the donkey and sank its teeth into it, severing its throat and devouring it before going on its way.
Allegorical Meaning
This classical Chinese fable, written by Liu Zongyuan as part of his Three Warnings, offers several timeless lessons.
Appearance vs. Reality
The donkey appears powerful at first due to the tiger’s lack of familiarity. However, once the tiger understands the donkey’s limited abilities, it realizes the donkey is not a real threat.
Don’t be deceived by appearances. True strength lies in actual ability, not in size or noise.
Don’t Rely on Only One Skill
The donkey’s downfall came because it had only one trick — kicking — and used it repeatedly. Once this was exposed, it had nothing else to offer.
Relying too much on a single skill or strategy makes you vulnerable. Adaptability and depth are key to long-term success.
Fear of the Unknown can be Overcome
At first, the tiger is afraid of the donkey simply because it doesn’t understand it. But through careful observation and cautious interaction, the tiger gains knowledge and confidence.
Fear often comes from ignorance. With patience and understanding, we can overcome our fears and make wise decisions.
Pretending to Be Strong Doesn’t Last
The donkey tries to scare the tiger with loud noises and occasional kicks, but this bluff doesn’t work forever. Eventually, the truth is revealed.
Pretending to be strong or capable without real substance will eventually lead to failure. Authentic ability is what truly protects us.
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