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In the first month of 191, Yuan Shao and Han Fu, arguing that Emperor Xian was too young and under Dong Zhuo’s control, proposed proclaiming Liu Yu, the Governor of Youzhou and a respected member of the imperial clan, as the new emperor. However, both Cao Cao and Yuan Shu strongly opposed the move,…
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In a previous article, we discussed why Chen Gong betrayed Cao Cao. Today, let’s explore why Zhang Miao was also persuaded to join the rebellion and betray Cao Cao.
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Chen Gong played a crucial role in Cao Cao’s early rise to power. When Liu Dai, the Inspector of Yan Province(Yanzhou), was killed in battle against the Yellow Turban rebels in 192 AD, a power vacuum emerged. Chen Gong, a native scholar-official of Yan Province and a man of high moral standing, took decisive…
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When people think of Gongsun Zan in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, many immediately associate him with Liu Bei, as the two were classmates under the famed scholar Lu Zhi. Though their relationship was that of schoolmates, Gongsun Zan never achieved the same legendary status as Liu Bei—largely because Luo Guanzhong, the author…
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In the final years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the imperial capital Chang’an fell under the control of warlords Li Jue and Guo Si, former generals of Dong Zhuo who had seized power after his assassination. By 195 AD, however, their alliance had crumbled into bitter rivalry.
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Originally, Li Jue and Guo Si shared a close bond. They were both native to Liang Province and had served under Dong Zhuo for many years. When defeated Lü Bu using the guerrilla tactics of Peng Yue, and captured Chang’an, they seized control of the Han court. Li Jue often hosted grand banquets for…
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After Dong Zhuo was assassinated by Wang Yun and Lü Bu, his former generals—Li Jue, Guo Si, Zhang Ji, and Fan Chou—stationed in Shan County east of Chang’an, were on the verge of collapse. It was Jia Xu who advised them to unite and strike back, warning that surrender would mean certain death.
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In Chapter 8 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a dramatic episode unfolds: Lü Bu, the mighty warrior serving under Dong Zhuo, intercepts a secret letter between Yuan Shu and Zhang Wen, the former Minister of Works. The letter allegedly details a plot for Zhang Wen to collaborate with Yuan Shu in a coordinated…