Chinese Idioms

  • Huàn Nàn Yǔ Gòng (患难与共)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 患难与共Pinyin: huàn nàn yǔ gòngLiteral Meaning: Share hardships and misfortunes together.Figurative Meaning: Stand side by side through all troubles, disasters and difficult times, bearing hardships jointly with another person or group. Cultural Background This idiom embodies the virtue of loyal companionship in Chinese culture. Its source sentence creates a sharp…

  • Huàn Dé Huàn Shī (患得患失)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 患得患失Pinyin: huàn dé huàn shīLiteral Meaning: Worry about both gaining and losing something.Figurative Meaning: Before obtaining something, one frets about failing to get it; once possessed, one lives in constant fear of losing it. It describes people who obsessively fixate on personal gains and losses, trapped in endless anxiety over…

  • Hé Ér Bù Tóng (和而不同)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 和而不同 Pinyin: hé ér bù tóng Literal Meaning: Live in harmony yet do not seek blind uniformity. Figurative Meaning: Maintain peaceful, respectful relations with others while retaining independent viewpoints; coexist amicably without blindly conforming to others’ opinions. Cultural Background This core Confucian philosophy outlines the ideal way of interpersonal communication…

  • Sàng Jiā Zhī Quǎn (丧家之犬)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 丧家之犬Pinyin: sàng jiā zhī quǎnLiteral Meaning: A homeless dog / a dog from a household in mourningFigurative Meaning: A person who has lost their backers, has nowhere to take shelter, and wanders around in a miserable, desperate state.

  • Yùn Chóu Wéi Wò (运筹帷幄)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 运筹帷幄Pinyin: yùn chóu wéi wòLiteral Meaning: Devise strategies inside the military tent.Figurative Meaning: Formulate clever plans and make vital strategic decisions behind the scenes, without needing to fight on the front line. It also generally refers to taking charge of major affairs and laying out core policies.

  • Mǐ Mǐ Zhī Yīn (靡靡之音)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 靡靡之音Pinyin: mǐ mǐ zhī yīnLiteral Meaning: Weak and dispiriting tunesFigurative Meaning: Soft, decadent and demoralizing music that indulges sensual pleasures and weakens people’s will. Cultural Background This idiom first appeared in the Warring States period, in the chapter ‘Ten Faults’ of Han Fei’s work Hanfeizi as to be specified below.…

  • Zhé Chōng Zūn Zǔ (折冲樽俎)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 折冲樽俎Pinyin: zhé chōng zūn zǔLiteral Meaning: Defeat enemy assault chariots over wine vessels and ritual utensils.Figurative Meaning: Defeat opponents and gain victory through diplomatic negotiations, instead of resorting to warfare.

  • Tù Sǐ Gǒu Pēng (兔死狗烹)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 兔死狗烹Pinyin: tù sǐ gǒu pēngLiteral Meaning: After all hares are hunted down, the hunting hounds are boiled and eaten.Figurative Meaning: Once a goal is accomplished, those who were used to achieve it are abandoned or even eliminated. It mainly refers to persecuting loyal and meritorious people. Cultural Background This idiom…

  • Niǎo Jìn Gōng Cáng (鸟尽弓藏)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 鸟尽弓藏Pinyin: niǎo jìn gōng cángLiteral Meaning: When all birds are gone, the bows are put away.Figurative Meaning: Abandon or betray those who have offered help once the goal is achieved. Historically, it particularly referred to rulers dismissing or even killing meritorious officials after seizing power. Cultural Background This idiom is…