Zi Xia

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 34.4

    This Han Feizi‑Chapter 34.4 Legalist section collects multiple anecdotes. It stresses rulers must eliminate ungovernable threats early and control ministers via power and rewards‑punishments, rather than merely competing through private benevolence.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 34.1

    This Legalist excerpt from Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 34.1 argues rulers should rely on power instead of moral persuasion. Threats should be eliminated early, and ministers controlled, as illustrated by multiple historical metaphors.

  • The Analects – Chapter 12.22

    Fan Chi asked about humaneness. The Master said, “It is to love others.”He then asked about wisdom. The Master said, “It is to know people.”Fan Chi did not fully grasp this. The Master added, “Raise the upright and place them above the crooked—this will cause the crooked to become upright.”After leaving, Fan Chi went…

  • The Analects – Chapter 11.16

    Zigong asked, “Which is more virtuous – Zi Zhang or Zi Xia?” The Master replied, “Zi Zhang goes too far; Zi Xia falls short.” Zigong then asked, “Then is Zi Zhang better?” The Master said, “To go too far is just as bad as not going far enough.”