Xu Huang

  • The Five Eunuch Marquises: How Palace Slaves Became Masters of the Han Empire [Eastern Han]

    This article reveals how Emperor Huan of Eastern Han ennobled five powerful eunuchs as marquises, letting them dominate the court. Their corruption, tyranny, and abuse of power outraged scholars and students. Their ruthless rule weakened the Han Empire, laying the ground for its eventual collapse.

  • How a teenage emperor and five eunuchs toppled the “Bullying General”? [Eastern Han]

    This article tells how Emperor Huan and five eunuchs overthrew tyrant Liang Ji, the “Bullying General.” Liang Ji poisoned Emperor Zhi, murdered loyal officials, and seized absolute power. Threatened by Liang’s plot against his favorite consort, the emperor allied with eunuchs to stage a coup and end the tyranny.

  • The art of sowing discord in the pacification of Guanzhong [Three Kingdoms]

    In the autumn of 211 CE, the windswept plains of Guanzhong became the stage for one of the most psychologically sophisticated campaigns of the Three Kingdoms era. Following his setback at the Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao Cao turned his attention westward.

  • The Battle of Tong Pass [Three Kingdoms]

    In 211 AD, following Cao Cao’s consolidation of power in central China, he ordered Zhong Yao, Inspector of Sili, and Xiahou Yuan, General Who Protects the West, to assemble troops for a campaign ostensibly aimed at Zhang Lu in Hanzhong. However, the warlords of Guanzhong (the Guanzhong Plain) – notably Ma Chao and Han…

  • Lü Meng’s stealth campaign crossing the Yangtze River [Three Kingdoms]

    This article narrates Lü Meng’s stealthy conquest of Jingzhou. He feigned illness to lull Guan Yu, then used the “White‑Robed Crossing” to seize Guan’s rear bases. Lü Meng won local hearts, collapsing Guan Yu’s army. Trapped and defeated, Guan Yu was captured and killed, shattering the Sun‑Liu alliance.

  • The Battle for Hanzhong [Three Kingdoms]

    This article recounts the pivotal Battle of Hanzhong during China’s Three Kingdoms period. It details how Cao Cao initially conquered the region from Zhang Lu but failed to invade Yizhou. Subsequently, Liu Bei launched a campaign to seize the strategic corridor. The narrative highlights the decisive clash at Mount Dingjun, where the veteran general…

  • The Battle of Guandu [Three Kingdoms]

    This article recounts the pivotal Battle of Guandu (200 CE), a turning point in the Three Kingdoms era. It details how Cao Cao, vastly outnumbered by Yuan Shao’s massive army, utilized ingenious engineering – such as the “Thunder Wagon” – to neutralize early assaults. The narrative highlights the decisive moment when the disgruntled advisor…

  • The fall of Ye City (204 CE) [Three Kingdoms]

    In early 204 CE, Cao Cao launched his decisive campaign to capture Ye City (Yecheng), the capital of Jizhou (Ji Province) and the last stronghold of the Yuan clan. As chronicled in Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Chapters 33–34) and corroborated by historical sources like the Records of the Three Kingdoms, this siege marked…

  • The turning tide at Guandu: Xu You’s defection [Three Kingdoms]

    The second phase of the Battle of Guandu (200 CE) marked a critical juncture in the war between Cao Cao and Yuan Shao. Though Cao Cao had successfully quelled rebellions in his rear and repelled Liu Bei’s incursions, the situation at the front remained dire. Outnumbered nearly ten to one and running dangerously low…