This entry unpacks the Chinese idiom “哀莫大于心死 (āi mò dà yú xīn sǐ)” from Zhuangzi. It explains its core idea that spiritual defeat outweighs physical misfortune, plus origin, modern usage and matching‑English phrases.
Dongguo Shunzi, a Daoist True Man, is Tian Zifang’s master. He transforms others quietly via inner purity rather than preaching. After hearing his merit, Marquis Wen of Wei deems his political learning trivial and sees his state as a heavy burden.