Yan Shigu (581–645 CE) was a prominent Confucian classicist and philologist of the Sui and Tang dynasties. His given name was Zhou, but he was universally known by his courtesy name, Shigu.
This article narrates the tragic Mawei Incident during the An-Shi Rebellion. After the Tang defeat at Tong Pass, Emperor Xuanzong fled Chang’an with Yang Guifei. Enraged imperial guards mutinied, killing Yang Guozhong and forcing the emperor to order Yang Guifei’s death. The imperial family split; the crown prince declared himself Emperor Suzong. Though the…
This article explores the outbreak of the An-Shi Rebellion, which ended the Tang Dynasty’s golden age. It traces the rise of the corrupt Yang clan under Yang Guifei, the ambition of the powerful general An Lushan, and his bitter conflict with Yang Guozhong. The rebellion erupted in 755, and a fatal order at Tong…
This article traces the rise and fall of the Kaiyuan‑Tianbao era under Emperor Xuanzong. Backed by virtuous chancellors Yao Chong and Song Jing, the Tang achieved unprecedented prosperity. Later, Xuanzong neglected governance, allowing the treacherous Li Linfu and Yang Guozhong to seize power. This decline paved the way for chaos and the end of…
This article traces Wu Zetian’s rise from a former concubine to China’s only female emperor. It covers her political struggle against loyal ministers, her joint rule with Emperor Gaozong, the suppression of rebellions, and her founding of the Zhou Dynasty. It also notes her use of secret police and favorites, as well as her…
This article tells Xuanzang’s epic journey to India for Buddhist scriptures. Defying a travel ban, he crossed deserts, reached Nalanda, and won fame at King Harsha’s assembly. Returning with sacred texts, he translated sutras and wrote Great Tang Records on the Western Regions. It also covers Princess Wencheng’s marriage to Tibet’s Songtsen Gampo, boosting Tang‑Tibet…
This article profiles Wei Zheng, the most upright minister of Emperor Taizong. A former rival advisor, he dared to speak frankly, urging governance by integrity, opposing extravagance, and warning against complacency. Backed by Empress Zhangsun, he became the emperor’s “mirror.” His death marked the loss of a critical moral guide for the Zhenguan golden…
This article reviews the start of Emperor Taizong’s Zhenguan Reign. After the Xuanwu Gate Incident, he pardoned rivals and appointed upright officials like Wei Zheng. He prioritized agriculture, eased taxes, and defeated the Eastern Turks. His philosophy of “vigilance in peace” laid the foundation for Tang’s golden age.