This article interprets Sun Tzu’s idea of building favorable strategic momentum via the Battle of Changping. Qin secured victory through diplomacy, logistics and psychological tricks before Bai Qi’s final strike, proving momentum shapes decisive wins.
Li Si warns Han’s king: Zhao will attack Han first. Qin and Han share risks. Submit to Qin, or face invasion and ruin.
Li Si slanders Han Fei’s rhetoric as deceptive. He proposes detaining Han’s king, military intimidation, and gradual annexation to weaken rivals and unify China.
Han Fei is accused of cunningly serving Han while advising Qin. He uses rhetoric to hide motives, prioritize Han’s interests, and advance his own status.
Li Si refutes Han Fei, arguing Han is a hidden threat to Qin. Its submission is fake; attack it first, or it may ally with rivals and endanger Qin.
Han Fei advises Qin: use diplomacy to win Chu/Wei, ally with Han, strike Zhao. War is risky; reckless moves isolate Qin and court disaster.
Han Fei warns Qin: attacking loyal, weak Han is a mistake. Ignore Zhao’s threat, drain strength, empower rivals, and risk unification failure.