What means indulging in female entertainers and music? In ancient times, the King of the Rong tribes sent You Yu as an envoy to Qin. Duke Mu of Qin asked him: “I have heard of ways of governance yet never witnessed them directly. May I know why ancient wise rulers gained or lost their…
What means greed and obstinacy? In ancient times, Yao, Lord Zhi, led Zhao, Han and Wei to conquer and destroy the Fan and Zhonghang clans. After returning from victory, he rested his troops for several years, then sent men to demand land from Han. Kang Zi of Han intended to refuse. His advisor Duan…
What means indulging in music? In ancient times, Duke Ling of Wei was traveling to Jin. Reaching the Pu River bank, he unharnessed his carriage, set up lodgings for the night. At midnight, he heard a new‑style melody and was delighted. When he asked his attendants, all replied they heard nothing.
What means perverse conduct? In ancient times, King Ling of Chu held an alliance meeting at Shen. The Crown Prince of Song arrived late, so the king arrested and imprisoned him. He humiliated the Lord of Xu and detained Qing Feng of Qi.
What means seeking trivial profits? In ancient times, Duke Xian of Jin intended to borrow a passage through Yu to attack Guo.Xun Xi said: “Your Highness, present Duke Yu with fine jade from Chui Ji (Chui‑ji or Chuiji) and fine horses from Quchan (Qu‑chan) to bribe him for passage. He will surely grant it.”
What is petty loyalty? In ancient times, King Gong of Chu fought against Duke Li of Jin at Yanling. The Chu army was defeated, and King Gong was wounded in the eye.
An enlightened ruler establishes official posts, ranks and salaries to promote talented men and reward meritorious subjects.
A so‑called doomed ruler does not necessarily lose his territory entirely, yet what he nominally possesses no longer truly belongs to him.