• The Line at Honggou – Chu-Han territorial division [Western Han]

    Brief: This article recounts the Chu‑Han stalemate at Honggou. After years of war, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang split the realm at the Honggou Canal. Xiang Yu returned Liu Bang’s family and withdrew east—but Liu broke the truce at his advisors’ urging. He rewarded allied generals, uniting forces to destroy Chu at Gaixia.

  • Zhu Bajie’s Hidden Wisdom: The “Fool” who saw through the game [Journey to the West]

    In China, Journey to the West is a household name, and characters like Tang Sanzang, Sun Wukong (Great Sage Equal to Heaven), and Zhu Bajie are widely recognized. However, most people’s understanding comes from adaptations – especially the iconic 1986 TV series – which significantly reshaped Zhu Bajie into a comical, gluttonous, lustful, and…

  • Bo Ya

    A celebrated musician of the Spring and Autumn period (circa 7th–6th century BCE), Bo Ya was a native of Ying, the capital of the state of Chu (modern-day Jingzhou, Hubei). He served as a Senior Grand Master (Shang Da Fu) in the state of Jin. 

  • Bo Le

    A figure from the time of Duke Mu of Qin during the Spring and Autumn period (circa 7th century BCE), Bo Le’s given name was Ziliang, and he was renowned under the honorific title “Bo Le.” He was famed for his exceptional ability to evaluate horses and treat equine illnesses.

  • Bian Que

    Bian Que (407–310 BCE) was a renowned physician of the Warring States period. His surname was Qin, and his given name was Yue Ren. He was from Mo County, Bohai Commandery (north of present-day Renqiu, Hebei). 

  • Compendium of Materia Medica

    Compendium of Materia Medica, Bencao Gangmu, is a monumental pharmacological treatise compiled by Li Shizhen of the Ming dynasty. The work comprises 52 volumes, organized into 16 divisions and 60 categories. It documents 1,892 medicinal substances, over 11,000 prescriptions, and includes more than 1,100 illustrations of medicinal materials.