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Emperor Ling’s fatal decision and the fall of Eastern Han [Three Kingdoms]
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In the late Eastern Han period, political crises were set in motion by the controversial decision of Emperor Ling of Han (Liu Hong) to replace his elder son(the Crown prince) with the younger one. Emperor Ling had two sons: the elder son, Liu Bian (born to Empress He), and the younger son, Liu Xie…
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Relocating the capital: The mandate of heaven or a desperate retreat? [Three Kingdoms]
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In the year 190 AD, Dong Zhuo deposed Emperor Shao and installed Emperor Xian, seizing absolute control of the imperial court. This act ignited outrage across the land. A coalition of eighteen warlords from the Guandong region(the region east of Hangu Pass), led by Yuan Shao as their nominal leader, formed a united army…
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Why did Dong Zhuo move the capital? [Three Kingdoms]
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In Chapter 6 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Dong Zhuo’s troops was defeated by Sun Jian. To reverse the battlefield setbacks, Dong Zhuo proposed a marriage alliance with Sun Jian. Dong Zhuo sent his senior general Li Jue to propose the marriage alliance, hoping to forge a political bond through kinship. Unexpectedly, Sun…
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The top warrior among the Eighteen Warlords [Three Kingdoms]
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Romance of the Three Kingdoms often diverges from the history. For instance, in the episode where Guan Yu kills Hua Xiong while warming wine, historical records state that Guan Yu followed Liu Bei, who was then under Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Zan was busy fighting the Wuhuan in the north and did not participate in…
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Who really killed Hua Xiong? [Three Kingdoms]
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Who really killed Hua Xiong? This is a widely debated question. Historically, during the campaign against Dong Zhuo, Guan Yu, Liu Bei, and Zhang Fei were still obscure minor figures who did not participate in this battle at all.