• Han Feizi – Chapter 36.1

    This Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 36.1 recounts the Chengpu‑battle story. It rebuts the traditional praise for Duke Wen’s reward practice, arguing rewards should match actual military achievements instead of hollow long‑term moral speeches.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 35.10

    This Legalist Han Feizi‑Chapter 35.10 uses multiple anecdotes. It warns against corrupt middle‑level officials and contradictory governance, urging rulers to adopt consistent policies and proper techniques for effective administration.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 35.9

    This Legalist excerpt from Han Feizi‑Chapter 35.9 advocates “governing officials rather than people”. With tree‑shaking and chariot metaphors, it warns against ruler’s micromanagement and stresses mastering statecraft to avoid ministerial usurpation.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 35.8

    This Han Feizi‑Chapter 35.8 Legalist collection of anecdotes warns rulers against lending real authority. It cautions against revealing simulated likes‑dislikes, showing how misplaced trust enables ministers to seize political power.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 35.7

    This Legalist exposition from Han Feizi‑Chapter 35.7 presents four stories. It prioritizes impersonal law and positional power over personal affection, advocating merit‑centered rewards and officials’ prudent self‑reliance.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 35.6

    This Han Feizi‑Chapter 35.6 Legalist exposition uses chariot‑driving and zither metaphors. Through Zihan and Tian Chengheng’s cases, it illustrates that shared sovereign power over rewards‑punishments will trigger usurpation and political ruin.