A man who pursues learning must collect his scattered thoughts and concentrate all his mental powers on his studies.
In the cultivation of virtue, if his aim is simply to gain wealth and fame, then real ethical improvement becomes impossible. In pursuing scholarship, if his interest lies merely in reciting poems and rhymed verses, then a deep understanding of his subject of study becomes impossible.
学者要收拾精神并归一路；如修德而留意于事功名誉，必无实诣；读书而寄兴于吟咏风雅，定不深心。
Notes
Focus as the foundation of achievement
This statement from Cai Gen Tan (Tending the roots of wisdom) emphasizes concentration as pivotal for scholarship and virtue. Scattered efforts prevent profound mastery in any pursuit.
Cultivating virtue rejects utilitarianism
True virtue cultivation is an inward journey — refining character through self-discipline, reflection, and practice. Fixation on “achievements and reputation” (e.g., performing good deeds for recognition or expecting rewards) reduces morality to mere performance.
As the Tao Te Ching states: “The highest virtue is not virtuous; thus it has virtue.” Only by abandoning obsession with outcomes can one achieve true attainment.
Studying rejects superficiality
Authentic study is internal awakening — transforming knowledge into wisdom through understanding, contemplation, and application.
Indulging in “elegant verses” (e.g., memorizing flowery phrases for social display, writing for applause, or intellectual showmanship) reduces learning to ornamentation.
Leave a Reply