Zhu Yuanzhang

  • Emperor Ming Yuzhen of the Great Xia Dynasty

    In the tumultuous late Yuan Dynasty, amidst widespread peasant uprisings, a charismatic leader emerged in southwestern China to establish a short-lived yet significant regime: the Great Xia. Its founder, Ming Yuzhen (1331–1366), holds a unique place in history as the only emperor to ever establish his capital in the mountainous city of Chongqing.

  • The Capable Ministers and Clean Officials: Zhou Chen and Kuang Zhong [Ming]

    Brief: This article profiles two outstanding Ming officials: Zhou Chen and Kuang Zhong. Zhou Chen reformed the unfair tax system in Jiangnan, easing farmers’ burdens and boosting revenue. Kuang Zhong cracked down on corruption in Suzhou and won people’s respect as “Justice Kuang”. It also mentions Emperor Xuanzong’s cricket hobby, ending the golden Ren-Xuan…

  • The Jingnan Campaign: A Dynasty Divided [Ming]

    Brief: This article narrates the Jingnan Campaign, a Ming Dynasty civil war. The young Jianwen Emperor tried to reduce feudal princes’ power, triggering rebellion by his uncle Zhu Di (Prince of Yan). After years of war, Zhu Di’s army captured the capital Nanjing, seized the throne, and reshaped the Ming dynasty’s future.

  • Abolishing the Chancellorship and Purging the Generals [Ming]

    Brief: This article recounts how Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang consolidated absolute power. He executed Chancellor Hu Weiyong, abolished the thousand-year-old chancellorship, and centralized rule under himself. He later purged top general Lan Yu and tens of thousands of founding officials, eliminating all threats to the throne and reshaping Ming politics completely.

  • Zhu Yuanzhang’s Ruthless War on Corruption [Ming]

    Brief: This article tells how Ming founder Zhu Yuanzhang, a former peasant, launched an extremely harsh anti‑corruption campaign. He set strict laws, used brutal punishments like skinning, and carried out large‑scale purges such as the Empty Seal Case and Guo Heng Scandal. Though he aimed to protect common people, his extreme terror caused massive…

  • The Road of Loyalty: How Lady Shexiang Forged Unity [Ming]

    Brief: This article tells the story of Lady Shexiang, a loyal Yi tribal chieftain in early Ming China. Wrongfully humiliated by a corrupt official, she refused to revolt and instead appealed to the emperor. She gained justice and built a key mountain road to unite southwest China, securing peace and integration for the Ming…

  • The Rise of Ming and the Flight of the Yuan [Song & Yuan]

    Introduction: This article traces the fall of the Yuan Dynasty and the rise of the Ming. Plagued by court infighting, moral decay, and massive peasant uprisings, the Yuan collapsed amid chaos. Zhu Yuanzhang, a former peasant and monk, rose through strategic patience, unified southern China, and defeated rival rebels. In 1368, he founded the…

  • Zhu Yuanzhang

    Zhu Yuanzhang (1328–1398) was the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1368 to 1398. Born into extreme poverty in Zhongli, Haozhou (present-day Fengyang, Anhui Province), his original name was Zhu Chongba (or Xingzong), and his courtesy name was Guorui. After ascending the throne, he adopted the temple name Taizu (“Grand Progenitor”) and…

  • Mencius – Chapter 8.3 Reciprocity over obedience: Conditional loyalty

    Mencius said to King Xuan of Qi: “If a ruler treats his ministers as his own hands and feet, they will treat him as their heart and mind.If he treats them like dogs or horses, they will regard him as a mere stranger.If he treats them like dust or weeds – worthless and disposable…