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Brief: This article recounts Emperor Yang of Sui’s rise to power and his reckless reign. After seizing the throne in suspicious circumstances, he launched massive projects including the Grand Canal and extravagant voyages to Jiangdu. His tyranny, forced labor, and costly wars sparked widespread uprisings, leading to the rapid collapse of the Sui Dynasty.
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Brief: This article reviews Emperor Wen of Sui’s enlightened reign. He built Daxing as the new capital, reformed land and census systems, and established charity granaries for famine relief. He pioneered the imperial examination and the Three Departments and Six Ministries structure. His virtuous governance unified China and laid a solid foundation for prosperity.