Chinese mythology, folktales, and literature
Brief: This article narrates Xiang Yu’s tragic end at Gaixia. Besieged by Liu Bang’s forces, he heard Chu songs from enemy camps, breaking his army’s morale. After bidding farewell to Lady Yu, he broke out with a few riders but chose death over surrender at the Wu River, closing the chapter of Western Chu.
Brief: This article recounts the Chu‑Han stalemate at Honggou. After years of war, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang split the realm at the Honggou Canal. Xiang Yu returned Liu Bang’s family and withdrew east—but Liu broke the truce at his advisors’ urging. He rewarded allied generals, uniting forces to destroy Chu at Gaixia.
Brief: This article tells the classic stratagem “Deceive by repairing the gallery roads, strike secretly at Chencang.” Han Xin fooled Zhang Han into fixing roads while leading Liu Bang’s main army through a hidden path. He swiftly conquered the Three Qins, seized Guanzhong, and secured a strong base for Liu Bang to fight Xiang…
Brief: This article traces Han Xin’s rise from humiliation to greatness. Enduring the “crawl between legs” shame, he joined Liu Bang and was discovered by Xiao He. After the famous “chase by moonlight,” he was named Grand General. His strategy laid the foundation for Liu Bang to conquer the empire.
Brief: This article recounts Xiang Yu’s brutal entry into Xianyang: executing Ziying, massacring Qin nobles, and burning Epang Palace. He divided the empire into 18 kingdoms, exiling Liu Bang to remote Hanzhong. Liu burned gallery roads to feign submission, while Xiao He’s pursuit of Han Xin laid the groundwork for Han’s rise.
Brief: This article depicts the pivotal Hongmen Banquet. Fearing Liu Bang’s ambition, Xiang Yu plotted to kill him. Saved by Xiang Bo’s intervention and Fan Kuai’s bold defense, Liu Bang escaped death. Xiang Yu’s hesitation let his rival live, sowing the seeds of Chu’s eventual defeat.
Introduction: This article tells how Liu Bang entered Xianyang, ended the Qin Dynasty, and issued the Three Simple Laws to win popular support. In contrast, Xiang Yu massacred 200,000 Qin captives, losing hearts in Guanzhong. Liu blocked Hangu Pass, triggering a standoff that led to the pivotal Hongmen Banquet.
Brief: This article narrates Xiang Yu’s legendary battle at Julu. Frustrated by Song Yi’s inaction, he seized command, led his troops across the Zhang River, smashed pots and sank boats to show no retreat. His army won nine straight battles, crushed the Qin main force, and became the supreme leader of the rebel alliance.
Liu Bang (256 or 247 BCE – 195 BCE), posthumously known as Emperor Gaozu of Han, was the founder of the Western Han dynasty and reigned from 202 to 195 BCE. His courtesy name was Ji, and he was from Pei County (in present-day Xuzhou, Jiangsu). He initially served as a minor local official…