Three Kingdoms period

  • Zhǔ Dòu Rán Qí (煮豆燃萁)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 煮豆燃萁 Pinyin: zhǔ dòu rán qí Literal Meaning: Boil beans with bean stalks as fuel. Figurative Meaning: Brothers or close kin attack and harm one another. Cultural Background This idiom comes from a well-known story of the Cao brothers during the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Pi (曹丕), the new emperor,…

  • Zhuge Liang

    Zhuge Liang (181–234 CE) was a preeminent statesman and military strategist of the Shu Han state during the Three Kingdoms period. His courtesy name was Kongming, and he was born in Yangdu, Langya Commandery (in present-day Yinan County, Shandong).

  • Memorial Recommending Ji Zhi [Chinese calligraphy]

    Zhong Yao (151–230 CE) was a statesman and calligrapher of the late Eastern Han and early Three Kingdoms period, traditionally regarded as the “Father of Regular Script” (kaishu) in Chinese calligraphy. His work Jian Jizhi Biao (Memorial Recommending Ji Zhi) is one of his most famous surviving pieces, originally written as a court memorial…

  • Romance of the Three Kingdoms: China’s Epic Saga of Heroes, War, and Strategy

    Regarded as one of China’s “Four Great Classical Novels,” Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguo Yanyi) is more than a literary masterpiece – it is a cultural touchstone that has shaped Chinese ideas of heroism, loyalty, and strategy for over 600 years. Written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century during the Ming Dynasty,…

  • The feigned illness and Sima Yi’s coup [Three Kingdoms]

    This article narrates Sima Yi’s legendary coup. Faking frailty to lull Cao Shuang, he seized control during the Gaopingling ceremony in 249 AD. He tricked Cao Shuang into surrender with false clemency, then eliminated him. The coup shifted power from the Cao clan to the Sima family, reshaping the Three Kingdoms.

  • Cao Hong: The loyal guardian who saved Cao Cao twice [Three Kingdoms]

    Cao Hong was one of the core clan generals under Cao Cao in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, often grouped with Xiahou Dun, Xiahou Yuan, and Cao Ren as the “Four Kinship Generals of the Cao Clan.” A lifelong loyalist to Cao Cao, he was renowned for his bravery in battle and unwavering devotion…