This article explains Sun Tzu’s tactic of feigning humility to inflate enemy arrogance. Modu Chanyu yielded treasures and his wife to lull Donghu, then crushed them. It also parallels Lu Xun’s flattering ploy that tricked arrogant Guan Yu into losing Jingzhou.
Han Xin launched a brilliant northern campaign, conquering five states via ingenious tactics like the back-water battle and river diversion. This campaign isolated Xiang Yu, shifted the war tide and laid the foundation for the Western Han Dynasty.
Han Feizi depicts Chu’s victory over Wu. After ten days of rain, Yi Xiang foresaw an incoming Wu raid, prompting Chu to form defenses. When Wu retreated, the advisor urged an immediate strike and helped General Ziqi (Zi Qi) crush the resting foe.
Xian Gao was a native of the State of Zheng. During the reign of Duke Mu of Zheng, seeing that the state was being pressured by Qin and Jin, Xian Gao chose to live in reclusion and not serve as an official, instead becoming a merchant.
by Han Fei Long ago, Duke Wu of Zheng wanted to attack the State of Hu.
The Battle of Jieqiao (191–192 AD) stands as one of the most pivotal early conflicts in the collapse of the Han dynasty and the rise of regional warlords. It marked a turning point in Yuan Shao’s struggle for dominance in northern China, pitting him against the formidable cavalry general Gongsun Zan.
Chapter 16 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms presents two pivotal events that profoundly altered the balance of power during the late Eastern Han dynasty. One showcases military brilliance and political cunning, while the other reveals the peril of personal indulgence and strategic overreach.
The year 197 AD marked a turning point in Cao Cao’s southern expansion—not through victory, but through a catastrophic defeat born of arrogance and personal folly. His campaign against Zhang Xiu in Nanyang Commandery began with a bloodless surrender but ended in humiliation, death, and strategic reversal. What should have been a swift annexation…