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A celebrated musician of the Spring and Autumn period (circa 7th–6th century BCE), Bo Ya was a native of Ying, the capital of the state of Chu (modern-day Jingzhou, Hubei). He served as a Senior Grand Master (Shang Da Fu) in the state of Jin.
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A figure from the time of Duke Mu of Qin during the Spring and Autumn period (circa 7th century BCE), Bo Le’s given name was Ziliang, and he was renowned under the honorific title “Bo Le.” He was famed for his exceptional ability to evaluate horses and treat equine illnesses.
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Baili Xi (c. 725–621 BCE) was a virtuous minister of Duke Mu of Qin during the Spring and Autumn period. His courtesy name was Ziming, and he was from Wan in the state of Chu (present-day Nanyang, Henan).
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Among the world’s most influential philosophical texts, the Tao Te Ching (Dao De Jing) stands out as a masterpiece of brevity and profound insight. Attributed to Laozi (Lao Tzu), a mysterious sage believed to have lived in the 6th century BCE during China’s Spring and Autumn Period, this small book of just 81 chapters…
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Mencius said: “If a ruler executes scholar-officials without just cause, then high ministers may leave the state.If a ruler massacres common people without guilt, then scholar-officials (educated individuals) may relocate to another country.”
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In the twilight years of the Spring and Autumn period leading into the Warring States era, a pivotal event unfolded within the state of Qi. The aristocratic Tian clan gradually supplanted the ruling Jiang lineage, culminating in their establishment as the new sovereign house. This transition marked not only the end of one era…
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Mencius said: “He who uses force under the guise of benevolence achieves hegemony. Hegemony requires a great state. But he who practices benevolence through virtue achieves true kingship – and kingship does not depend on size. King Tang ruled with only seventy li of territory; King Wen with only a hundred li.”