Shu Xiang

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 37.4

    This Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 37.4 rejects Shu Xiang’s and Shi Kuang’s one‑sided arguments. It concludes hegemonic achievements stem from joint contributions: capable rulers must properly employ competent ministers for political success.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 33.11

    This Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 33.11 Legalist passage assembles varied tales. It discusses official rank system, ministerial frugality-extravagance, and impartial talent recommendation separating public duty from private grudges.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 32.11

    This Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 32.11 Legalist section presents assorted historical anecdotes. It admits a ruler’s personal example has influence yet insists governance must rely on law, merit‑based rewards rather than moral posturing.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 32.5

    This Legalist passage from Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 32.5 critiques over‑reliance on a ruler’s personal example. It advocates institutional governance and clear division of duties instead of rulers handling subordinates’ work directly.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 32.10

    This Legalist excerpt from Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 32.10 gives multiple anecdotes. It illustrates that excessive honors for reclusive scholars erode farming and military strength, contributing to Zhongshan state’s downfall.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 31.14

    This is Explanation Six from Han Feizi: Inner Congested Sayings, Part II. Han Fei reveals a political law: a foe’s deadliest attack is not military invasion, but espionage and stratagems to manipulate a ruler’s official appointments. Enemies seek to muddle the ruler’s judgment and steer his decisions astray.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 31.7

    This excerpt is from “Canon Six: Dismissal and Appointment” in Han Feizi. It shifts focus from domestic governance to international relations, exposing a cross‑border power tactic: hostile states undermine a realm by meddling in its official appointments instead of waging war.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 23.35

    Han Feizi tells how a Chu guard bribed Jin’s Shu Xiang to rescue the king’s brother held in Qin. By threatening to build Huqiu’s ramparts, Jin pressured Qin into releasing the prince, winning generous gold from grateful Chu.