•
When news reached the state of Lu that Duke Huan of Qi had appointed Guan Zhong – once a prisoner of Lu – as his chancellor, Duke Zhuang of Lu was furious.
•
During the late Spring and Autumn period, Duke Xiang of Qi ruled with arrogance and recklessness. He bullied neighboring states and oppressed his own people, sparking widespread discontent – even within his own family.