Qi Jiguang

  • Tu Sun Dong: The “Jelly of the Sea”

    If you ever visit Xiamen, the first snack the locals will urge you to try is tu sun dong (土笋冻). Often hailed as the number one local specialty, this translucent, jelly-like delicacy is one of the most intriguing – and, for some, intimidating – dishes in Chinese cuisine. Known as the “dark cuisine” of…

  • The Han-Mongol Trade and the Rise of Zhang Juzheng [Ming]

    This article tells how Zhang Juzheng rose to power in the Ming Dynasty. He ended decades of war by negotiating Han‑Mongol border trade using Altan Khan’s grandson as a diplomatic key. He also appointed top generals like Qi Jiguang to secure borders. Meanwhile, Hai Rui enforced land justice but was dismissed. The Longqing peace…

  • Pacifying the Seas: The Campaign Against the Wokou [Ming]

    This article tells the Ming campaign against Wokou pirates. Official Zhu Wan was framed and died. Hu Zongxian tried diplomacy but failed. General Qi Jiguang recruited a brave army, created the Mandarin Duck Formation, and won key battles. With allies like Yu Dayou, they finally pacified China’s southeast coast.

  • The Palace Intrigues and the Rise of Yan Song [Ming]

    This article recounts the Jiajing Emperor’s long reign. He won the Great Rites Controversy, crushed official dissent, and became obsessed with Taoism. A palace maid assassination attempt left him reclusive. Yan Song rose by writing divine prayers, seized power, and ruled corruptly for 20 years, while Mongol raids and Wokou pirates threatened the Ming.