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In 191 AD, as the anti-Dong Zhuo coalition teetered on the brink of collapse due to internal rivalries and lack of unified command, Yuan Shao and Han Fu proposed a bold political solution: proclaim Liu Yu, Governor of Youzhou, as the new emperor.
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In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the imperial court was mired in severe political chaos and decline. The central government saw a power struggle between three key forces: the eunuchs (who controlled the emperor and court affairs for decades, known as the “Ten Attendants” clique), the consorts’ families (relatives of empresses/empresses dowager who vied…
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Emperor Xian of Han (Liu Xie) has long been cast in the shadows of history and literature as a helpless puppet, a symbol of imperial decay and impotence. In both Romance of the Three Kingdoms and traditional historiography, he is often portrayed as a passive victim—first under Dong Zhuo, then Cao Cao, and finally…
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Chapter 20 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms presents a masterful study in political theater, veiled rebellion, and the fragile legitimacy of imperial authority during the twilight of the Eastern Han dynasty.
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In 195 AD, the warlords Li Jue and Guo Si, former subordinates of Dong Zhuo, turned on each other in a brutal power struggle that plunged Chang’an into chaos. Amid the violence, Emperor Xian of Han, the young and powerless figurehead of the crumbling Han dynasty, became a pawn in their conflict.