Psychological Warfare

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 31.7

    This excerpt is from “Canon Six: Dismissal and Appointment” in Han Feizi. It shifts focus from domestic governance to international relations, exposing a cross‑border power tactic: hostile states undermine a realm by meddling in its official appointments instead of waging war.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 30.15

    This excerpt is from Explanation Seven in Han Feizi · Inner Congeries of Sayings I. Han Fei argues rulers should feign false appearances and use contrary words to probe suspects. Setting lures entraps them and lays bare their treacherous intentions.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 30.13

    This excerpt is from Explanation Five in Han Feizi · Inner Congeries of Sayings I. Rulers should create informational fog and psychological suspense. By acting mysteriously or diverting attention, they keep ministers guessing, who then dare not slack or deceive out of awe and fear.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 30.8

    This excerpt is from Canon Seven: Reversed Speech in Han Feizi. Han Fei advises rulers to feign appearances and speak ironically to probe suspects. By laying bait deliberately, the ruler lures suspicious figures into traps, forcing their treacherous true intentions to surface.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 30.6

    This excerpt is from Canon Five: Deceptive Commands in Han Feizi. Han Fei contends rulers should employ covert stratagems to create information asymmetry and psychological suspense. Keeping ministers guessing about his true intentions compels them to expose themselves and suspect one another, deterring reckless conduct.

  • Mozi – Chapter 68

    This chapter covers pre-siege rituals, five-element directional sacrifices and cloud divination. It also sets city defense rules, troop hierarchies, wartime resource management and morale-boosting night shouts to guard towns.

  • Mozi – Chapter 63

    This chapter details defenses against suicidal ant-like swarming assaults. It covers pulley-hung shields, incendiary carts, wall stakes, boiling liquids, plus midnight ambushes and white-cloaked night troops to rout enemy waves.

  • Attack the Unprepared, Strike Unexpectedly: Deng Ai’s deadly surprise march that ended Shu Han

    This article illustrates the tactic of striking unprepared foes via Deng Ai’s risky Yinping march. Bypassing heavily guarded Jiange Pass through harsh unguarded mountains, Deng Ai launched a surprise assault on Chengdu, toppling Shu Han by breaking the enemy’s fixed defensive mindset.

  • Divide the United Enemy: Chen Ping’s Alienation Stratagem

    Among the Twelve Deceptive Stratagems recorded in The Art of War · Initial Estimations, Sun Tzu put forward a lethal psychological warfare tactic: Divide the united enemy (親而離之).