political order

  • The Analects – Chapter 12.11

    Duke Jing of Qi asked Confucius about governance. Confucius replied, “Let the ruler be a ruler, the minister be a minister, the father be a father, and the son be a son.”The Duke said, “Excellent! Indeed, if rulers do not act as rulers, ministers do not act as ministers, fathers do not act as…

  • The Analects – Chapter 78 (4.13). The politics of yielding

    4.13 The Master said, “If it is really possible to govern countries by ritual and yielding, there is no more to be said. But if it is not really possible, of what use is ritual?”

  • The Analects – Chapter 42 (3.2). Sacrilege of power

    3.2 The Three Families used the Yong Song during the removal of the sacrificial vessels. Confucius said, “‘By rulers and lords attended,The Son of Heaven, mysterious….’ What possible application can such words have in the hall of the Three Families?”