political ideal

  • Dao De Jing – Chapter 29

    In the Dao De Jing (Tao Te Ching), Laozi repeatedly emphasizes that rulers must practice governance through “non-action” (wu wei or non-coercive governance).

  • Dao De Jing – Chapter 17

    Chapter 17 of the Dao De Jing (Tao Te Ching) establishes a hierarchy of governance where political excellence is measured by its operational invisibility‌.