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In the chaotic aftermath of Yuan Shao’s death in 202 CE, his sons Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang turned from heirs into enemies, igniting a civil war that would seal the fate of northern China.
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Following the Battle of Guandu (200 CE), the collapse of the Yuan clan created a power vacuum in northern China. When Yuan Shao died shortly thereafter, his sons Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang plunged into a bitter succession struggle.
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From September 202 to April 204 CE, the power struggle between Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang – sons of the late warlord Yuan Shao – unfolded as a tragic drama of mistrust, betrayal, and self-destruction.
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In the winter of 199 AD, Yuan Shao stood at the zenith of his power. Having annihilated Gongsun Zan at Yi County and crushed the Heishan bandits who came to his aid, Yuan Shao now controlled four northern provinces: Jizhou, Qingzhou, Bingzhou, and Youzhou. With this vast territory and immense manpower, he was poised…
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In the first month of 191, Yuan Shao and Han Fu, arguing that Emperor Xian was too young and under Dong Zhuo’s control, proposed proclaiming Liu Yu, the Governor of Youzhou and a respected member of the imperial clan, as the new emperor. However, both Cao Cao and Yuan Shu strongly opposed the move,…
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In 193 AD, though the main wave of the Yellow Turban Rebellion had been suppressed, scattered remnants continued to wreak havoc across the Han Empire. Kong Rong, serving as the Chancellor of Beihai Commandery (in modern-day Shandong), found himself at the center of a dire crisis.