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Introduction: This article records the fall of the Jin Dynasty. Besieged by Mongol armies, the Jin made a fatal mistake by attacking the Southern Song. The Song allied with the Mongols out of hatred, jointly destroying the Jin in 1234. This short‑sighted partnership removed the Jin buffer, soon exposing the Song to Mongol conquest.
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There was a man surnamed Zhang in Henan Province whose ancestors were from Shandong. During the latter part of the Ming Dynasty, when Shandong was in wide-spread turmoil, his wife was captured and taken away by Manchu soldiers. After that, as Zhang often used to travel to Henan, he decided to settle down there.