name and substance

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 25.4

    This Han Feizi section stresses a state’s safety hinges on right‑wrong standards and name‑reality consistency. Citing Qi’s usurpation, it warns inverted moral order, rewarding deceit, may let weaker forces overpower mighty states.

  • The Analects – Chapter 15.20

    The Master said, “The noble person worries that after his death, his name will not be commensurate with his virtue – that he will not be remembered worthily.”