Liu Xiahui

  • Mencius – Chapter 13.28

    Mencius praises Liu Xiahui, who refused to trade his unwavering moral integrity for the supreme rank of Three High Ministers. It highlights that inner uprightness is priceless and unshakable, far above worldly power and glory.

  • Mencius – Chapter 12.6

    Debater Chunyu Kun questions Mencius’ resignation for lacking visible achievements. Mencius argues virtuous men pursue benevolence in diverse ways, stresses worthy officials secure state survival, and notes gentlemen’s subtle moral choices elude common utilitarian judgment.

  • The Analects – Chapter 15.14

    The Master said, “Was Zang Wenzhong not a usurper of office? He knew of Liu Xiahui’s virtue, yet did not help him gain a position.”

  • Mencius – Chapter 3.9 Virtue of the Middle Way

    Mencius said: “Bo Yi would not serve a ruler he did not approve of, nor befriend anyone he deemed unworthy.”