Liu Chong

  • The Anxiety of the Adjacent Bed: Zhao Kuangyin’s Campaign for Unification [Song & Yuan]

    Brief: This article recounts Emperor Taizu (Zhao Kuangyin)’s unification wars of the early Song Dynasty. After centralizing power, he adopted the “First South, Then North” strategy proposed by Zhao Pu. Song forces successively conquered Jingnan, Hunan, Later Shu, Southern Han, and Southern Tang, defeating rulers like Meng Chang and Li Yu. The campaign laid…

  • Yuan Shu’s invasion of Chen State [Three Kingdoms]

    In the year 197 AD, Yuan Shu, having declared himself Emperor of the short-lived Zhong dynasty, found his ambitions crumbling under a cascade of military defeats, diplomatic failures, and internal decay. Once a powerful warlord controlling the fertile lands of Huai River region, Yuan Shu’s realm rapidly contracted due to betrayals, strategic miscalculations, and…