Liu Bei

  • Li Ru in the novel and history [Three Kingdoms]

    In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Li Ru is portrayed as a central and sinister figure—Dong Zhuo’s son-in-law and chief strategist, to whom the warlord turned for counsel on every major decision. Though historically obscure, Li Ru is elevated in the novel to the role of Dong Zhuo’s intellectual architect, shaping his rise, reign,…

  • How Cao Cao seized Yanzhou: The calculated rise of a Warlord [Three Kingdoms]

    In 192 AD, after Li Jue and Guo Si seized Chang’an, murdered Wang Yun, and captured Emperor Xian, they established control over the Sili region and eastern Liang Province(Liangzhou), effectively holding the Han central government hostage for the next four years. Though they nominally ruled in the emperor’s name, real power in the empire…

  • The art of seizing Wancheng [Three Kingdoms]

    In a previous article, we discussed how Zhu Jun and Liu Bei achieved successive victories in suppressing the Yellow Turban Rebellion. The Yellow Turban leader Han Zhong was forced to retreat to Wancheng. Han Zhong intended to surrender, and Liu Bei advocated peacefully accepting the enemy’s surrender, but Zhu Jun disagreed. Today, we continue…

  • The top warrior among the Eighteen Warlords [Three Kingdoms]

    Romance of the Three Kingdoms often diverges from the history. For instance, in the episode where Guan Yu kills Hua Xiong while warming wine, historical records state that Guan Yu followed Liu Bei, who was then under Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Zan was busy fighting the Wuhuan in the north and did not participate in…

  • Who really killed Hua Xiong? [Three Kingdoms]

    Who really killed Hua Xiong? This is a widely debated question. Historically, during the campaign against Dong Zhuo, Guan Yu, Liu Bei, and Zhang Fei were still obscure minor figures who did not participate in this battle at all.

  • The historical truth behind the 18 Warlords [Three Kingdoms]

    Today, let’s explore the truth behind the 18 warlords or vassals who, according to Romance of the Three Kingdoms, united to overthrow the tyrant Dong Zhuo.

  • The tragic trajectory of Lü Bu: Valor without virtue [Three Kingdoms]

    Lü Bu, one of the most formidable warriors in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, exemplifies a tragic figure whose extraordinary martial prowess was consistently undermined by his moral flaws and poor judgment. His life—marked by betrayals, shifting allegiances, and eventual downfall—offers a compelling narrative on how character determines fate.

  • The surrender debate in the siege of Wancheng [Three Kingdoms]

    In the second chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhu Jun led troops to besiege Wancheng from all sides, cutting off the city’s food supply. Han Zhong, the leader of the Yellow Scarves army, offered to surrender. But Zhu Jun refused his offer. Liu Bei tried to persuade Zhu Jun into accepting the…

  • How Liu Bei lifted the siege of Qingzhou? [Three Kingdoms]

    In the first chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the Yellow Turban Army intended to attack Qingzhou City. Governor Gong Jing sought help from Liu Yan, the governor of Zhuojun. Liu Yan ordered Zou Jing to lead 5,000 troops, along with Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei’s forces, to break the siege…