This essay analyzes Spouting Water from Liaozhai. Real‑life poet Song Wan inspired the tale. Pu Songling drew on ancient *yù* folklore, weaving in Song Wan’s nephew’s false accusation as allegory for slander and injustice.
Early in the Qing Dynasty, many people were incriminated in Yu Qi’s rebellion. People in Qixia and Laiyang counties suffered most. A few hundred people were captured each day and all of them were executed. Their blood painted the ground red and their skeletons were stacked in mountain-like piles. The authorities showed their leniency…