King Zhou of Shang

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 31.14

    This is Explanation Six from Han Feizi: Inner Congested Sayings, Part II. Han Fei reveals a political law: a foe’s deadliest attack is not military invasion, but espionage and stratagems to manipulate a ruler’s official appointments. Enemies seek to muddle the ruler’s judgment and steer his decisions astray.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 31.7

    This excerpt is from “Canon Six: Dismissal and Appointment” in Han Feizi. It shifts focus from domestic governance to international relations, exposing a cross‑border power tactic: hostile states undermine a realm by meddling in its official appointments instead of waging war.

  • The Analects – Chapter 19.20

    Zigong notes King Zhou’s evils were overstated by later generations. He warns gentlemen to avoid a tainted moral standing; once reputations collapse, all worldly blame will unfairly fall on them.

  • The Legend of Shi Yan and the Birth of Decadent Music

    This legend records musician Shi Yan forced by tyrant King Zhou of Shang to create decadent licentious tunes. Blamed for the dynasty’s fall, he drowned himself by Pu River. Centuries later, ghostly melodies of his music were heard there, recorded in ancient historical texts.

  • Mǐ Mǐ Zhī Yīn (靡靡之音)

    Basic Information Chinese Idiom: 靡靡之音Pinyin: mǐ mǐ zhī yīnLiteral Meaning: Weak and dispiriting tunesFigurative Meaning: Soft, decadent and demoralizing music that indulges sensual pleasures and weakens people’s will. Cultural Background This idiom first appeared in the Warring States period, in the chapter ‘Ten Faults’ of Han Fei’s work Hanfeizi as to be specified below.…

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 23.7

    Han Feizi contrasts two official types: sycophants Chong Hou and E Lai pleased King Zhou but ignored Shang’s fall; loyal Bi Gan and Wu Zixu foresaw ruin yet died unjustly. Full wisdom needs both human insight and foresight of state trends.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 22.27

    Han Feizi tells King Zhou’s wild drinking made everyone lose track of days. Ji Zi feigned ignorance to avoid danger.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 22.25

    Han Feizi tells Ji Zi feared King Zhou’s ivory chopsticks would spark endless luxury, foreseeing the dynasty’s fall.

  • Han Feizi – Chapter 21.12

    Han Fei tells how Jizi (Ji Zi) foresaw King Zhou’s ruin from ivory chopsticks – small luxuries lead to tyranny and fall.