In Journey to the West, the tales of immortals, demons, mortals, and ghosts unfold across the three realms (Heavenly, Mortal, and Underworld), which reflects the Daoist cosmology.
Erlang Shen, also known as “God Erlang” or the “Little Sage”, holds a unique and pivotal position in Journey to the West. Erlang Shen’s victory over Sun Wukong marks a turning point in the novel, forcing the Monkey King to confront his limitations and paving the way for his eventual redemption under Tang Sanzang.
In ancient China, imperial palaces typically had multiple grand gates. For example, the Forbidden City in Beijing features four major gates facing the cardinal directions—east, south, west, and north. Among them, the Wu Gate (Wumen or Meridian Gate), facing south, served as the main entrance and the largest gate.