This Legalist passage from Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 32.5 critiques over‑reliance on a ruler’s personal example. It advocates institutional governance and clear division of duties instead of rulers handling subordinates’ work directly.
This Han Feizi passage stresses public-private separation. Rulers must enforce strict laws and rewards/punishments, curbing private favors to maintain order.
Han Feizi argues rulers cannot supervise all personally. Replace personal checks with laws, strict rewards and punishments to control officials and secure power.