imperial examination

  • The Virtuous Reign of Emperor Wen of Sui [Sui & Tang]

    This article reviews Emperor Wen of Sui’s enlightened reign. He built Daxing as the new capital, reformed land and census systems, and established charity granaries for famine relief. He pioneered the imperial examination and the Three Departments and Six Ministries structure. His virtuous governance unified China and laid a solid foundation for prosperity.

  • Bai Juyi

    Bai Juyi (772–846 CE) was a renowned poet of the Tang dynasty, with the courtesy name Letian. His ancestral home was Taiyuan (in present-day Shanxi), but his family later moved to Xiagui (modern-day Weinan, Shaanxi). 

  • Wang Bo

    Wang Bo (649 or 650–676) was a renowned literary figure of the Tang dynasty. His courtesy name was Zi’an, and he was from Longmen, Jiangzhou (present-day Hejin, Shanxi). At the age of nine, after reading Yan Shigu‘s annotated version of the Book of Han, he composed a ten-volume critique titled Zhi Xia (“Pointing Out…

  • Mencius – Chapter 8.17 Moral cost of empty speech and Peril of suppressing the worthy

    Mencius said: “Speech without factual basis brings misfortune. And the one who bears the consequences of this misfortune is the person who blocks or suppresses the worthy.”

  • Lingering snow atop the Zhongnan [Tang Poems]

    — Zu Yong How steep and fair the shady ridge! Snow-crowned peaks float above the cloud. The forest’s bright in sunset dyed, With evening cold the town’s overflowed.

  • Sequel to a Dream

    After winning the title of jinshi, (Tran. Note: Jinshi was a successful candidate in the highest imperial examination; juren was a successful candidate at the provincial level) Juren Zeng and several others who had passed the examination went for an excursion in the suburbs of the provincial capital.

  • The Sister Switch

    Grand Secretary Mao Ji in the Ming Dynasty was born of a poor family. His father often tended cattle for others. Living in the same county was Zhang and his family, who were rich and influential. They had recently built a grave site on the southern slope of East Mountain.

  • A Xia

    Scholar Jing of Wendeng County, Shandong Province, had already won great fame when he was still young. He was a neighbor of scholar Cheng Sheng. Their studies were separated only by a low wall.

  • Gong Mengbi

    Liu Fanghua lived in Baoding, Hebei Province, and was the richest man in this village. His generosity often attracted hundreds of visitors to his house. He was always ready to help others and never spared an expense. Relatives and friends often failed to pay back the money borrowed from him. Only one visitor from…