Hypocrite

  • The Analects – Chapter 17.13

    Confucius calls unprincipled people-pleasing villagers “thieves of virtue”. They pretend decent to win praise yet blur good and evil, misleading the public. True gentlemen stay harmonious without compromising moral principles, rejecting such deceptive hypocrisy.

  • The Analects – Chapter 17.12

    Confucius criticizes hypocrites who look stern yet cowardly inside, comparing them to sneaky wall thieves. He stresses sincerity and consistency between inner virtue and outward bearing, condemning hollow posturing that lacks genuine moral fortitude.