This Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 33.8 Legalist excerpt presents four historical tales. It advocates checks‑and‑balances and statecraft, warning rulers against blind personal trust in ministers, even the seemingly loyal ones.
This Legalist passage from Han Feizi ‑ Chapter 33.2 argues rulers should rely on authority and statecraft rather than personal trust. Proper rewards and punishments can make even morally‑questionable ministers serve state interests.