This Han Feizi passage stresses public-private separation. Rulers must enforce strict laws and rewards/punishments, curbing private favors to maintain order.
This Han Feizi passage argues strict law strengthens states, while weak law leads to decline. Law, like a mirror, must be impartial, above personal wit.
This Han Feizi passage stresses strict rewards and punishments. Petty loyalty harms state interests; law must prevail over personal affection.
Han Feizi rejects superstition and foreign alliances. He argues states thrive only through clear laws and self-reliance, as Goujian’s story shows.
Han Feizi rejects divination and astrology. Using Yan-Zhao-Qin wars, he argues state fate hinges on governance, not superstition.