ethical hierarchy

  • The Analects – Chapter 13.20

    Zi Gong asked, “What must one be like to be called a ‘shi’ (a morally responsible scholar-official)?”The Master said, “One who acts with a sense of shame and, when sent on missions abroad, fulfills his ruler’s charge without disgracing it—such a person may be called a shi.”Zi Gong asked, “May I ask about the…

  • Great Learning Chapter 2. The Root of All Order: From inner virtue to world peace

    “In ancient times, those who wished to illuminate luminous virtue throughout the world first governed their states well;those who wished to govern their states well first put their families in order;those who wished to put their families in order first cultivated their own persons;those who wished to cultivate their persons first rectified their minds;those…