Emperor He of Han

  • Cai Lun

    Cai Lun (c. 62–121 CE) was a eunuch official of the Eastern Han dynasty and is traditionally credited with the invention of papermaking. His courtesy name was Jingzhong, and he was born in Guiyang (modern-day Leiyang, Hunan).

  • “Heaven Knows, Earth Knows”: Integrity and Downfall in the Court [Eastern Han]

    Brief: This article tells Eastern Han’s tragic tale of integrity amid decline. It features Ban Chao’s frontier service, Cai Lun’s paper invention, and Yang Zhen’s famous “Heaven knows, earth knows” stand against bribery. After Empress Deng’s death, corrupt eunuchs and clans seized power, executing upright officials and dooming the dynasty.

  • The Fall of the Dou Clan: How a Teenage Emperor Toppled an Empress’ Tyranny [Eastern Han]

    Brief: This article recounts the fall of Eastern Han’s powerful Dou clan. Dou Xian seized control, murdered a royal kinsman, and grew tyrannical after defeating the Northern Xiongnu. At 14, Emperor He plotted with eunuch Zheng Zhong, staged a coup, and toppled the Dous. The purge reshaped the court and ended the clan’s tyranny.

  • Throwing Down the Brush for the Sword: Ban Chao [Eastern Han]

    Brief: This article tells Ban Chao’s legendary journey: abandoning scholarship for military service, he led just 36 men to subdue kingdoms in the Western Regions. His bold raids and wise diplomacy revived the Silk Road and secured Han’s frontier. Despite court pressure to withdraw, he stayed and safeguarded Central Asia for decades.