Zhong Gong (Ran Yong) asked about humaneness. The Master said, “When you go out, behave as if you were receiving a distinguished guest; when you employ the people, act as if you were conducting a great sacrifice. Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire. Then, whether serving in government or…
When Confucius saw someone in mourning dress, an official wearing ceremonial robes and cap, or a blind person – even if they were younger than himself – he would always rise from his seat as a sign of respect. When passing by them, he would always quicken his pace.
Chapter 69 employs military metaphors to unveil the Daoist philosophy of ‘retreating to advance’ and ‘softness overcoming hardness’. Lao Tzu first references ancient military wisdom: ‘I dare not take the initiative but prefer to respond; I dare not advance an inch but prefer to withdraw a foot’. This emphasizes avoiding provocation, resisting rash aggression,…