collaborative governance

  • The Analects – Chapter 14.8

    The Master said, “In drafting official documents [or diplomatic proclamations], Bi Chen would first compose a draft; Shi Shu would then discuss and revise it; Xing Ren Zi Yu would polish the wording; and Dong Li Zi Chan would finally refine and finalize it.”

  • Mencius – Chapter 7.6 Elite consensus as the catalyst for universal moral transformation

    Mencius said: “Governing the state is not difficult – the key is not to alienate the great families (influential aristocratic clans).What these great families admire, the whole state will admire;what the whole state admires, all under heaven will admire.Thus, moral education will spread abundantly and overflow throughout the Four Seas.”