Laozi proposed that humans must enrich their spiritual dimension. He maintained that those who examine their inner selves, fortify their life convictions, and implement them with determination will attain enduring vitality and realize their highest aspirations.
He who knows other men is discerning; he who knows himself is intelligent. He who overcomes others is strong; he who overcomes himself is mighty. He who is satisfied with his lot is rich; he who goes on acting with energy has a (firm) will.
He who does not fail in the requirements of his position, continues long; he who dies and yet does not perish, has longevity.
- To know others is intellect; to know oneself is existential clarity;
- To conquer others denotes power; to conquer oneself reveals primordial strength;
- Those who know contentment are prosperous;
- Willpower moves mountains. Those with unshakable convictions will achieve success;
- Those who preserve their essential nature ensure permanence;
- The human body perishes, but the spirit may attain immortality. To transcend physical death is true longevity.
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