Historical stories

  • Han Xin’s Northern Campaign: Conquering Five States

    Han Xin launched a brilliant northern campaign, conquering five states via ingenious tactics like the back-water battle and river diversion. This campaign isolated Xiang Yu, shifted the war tide and laid the foundation for the Western Han Dynasty.

  • How Mao evaluated Liu Bei?

    This article presents Mao Zedong’s comments on Liu Bei. He praised Liu Bei for talent management and unity-building, yet criticized his emotional decisions and flawed strategies, especially the disastrous Yiling Campaign with tactical mistakes.

  • King Fuchai Spared Goujian: Not Out of Stupidity, But “Workplace Rules”

    This article rejects the folk tale that Fuchai spared Goujian out of lust or folly. Bound by Spring-Autumn norms and geopolitics, Fuchai spared him to avoid rebel uprisings and allied retaliation, yet Goujian later conquered Wu after enduring hardships.

  • The Shadow of Envy: When Talent Threatens Power

    In the long river of history, it is not an isolated incident for wise and talented individuals to fall victim to jealousy. The stories of Ziyu and Confucius, and Li Si and Han Fei, serve as two poignant examples of this tragic dynamic.

  • Why is the Partition of Jin regarded as the dividing line between the Spring & Autumn and the Warring States periods?

    The Partition of Jin among the Three Families is regarded as the dividing line between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period mainly because it marked the complete collapse of the patriarchal system of the Zhou Dynasty and the formal formation of the pattern of the Seven Powerful States in the…

  • Emperor Ming Yuzhen of the Great Xia Dynasty

    In the tumultuous late Yuan Dynasty, amidst widespread peasant uprisings, a charismatic leader emerged in southwestern China to establish a short-lived yet significant regime: the Great Xia. Its founder, Ming Yuzhen (1331–1366), holds a unique place in history as the only emperor to ever establish his capital in the mountainous city of Chongqing.

  • A “Liberation” That Became a Nightmare: The Qi Invasion of Yan

    This article explains the 314 BC Qi invasion of Yan during China’s Warring States Period. Qi seized Yan in 50 days as locals welcomed them as liberators from civil war. But Qi’s looting and cruelty turned public anger. Facing diplomatic pressure and rebellion, Qi withdrew. The disaster led to Yan’s revival under King Zhao,…

  • The Abdication that Almost Destroyed a Kingdom: Zizhi Rebellion

    In the ruthless arena of the Warring States, where strength was the only law, King Kuai of Yan committed a fatal error: he tried to be a saint. Blinded by the allure of ancient virtue, he attempted to abdicate his throne to his scheming minister, Zizhi, hoping to emulate legendary sages. Instead of earning…

  • The Fall of the Qing Dynasty

    This article records the fall of the Qing Dynasty. After the 1911 Wuchang Uprising, Yuan Shikai seized power by forcing Prince Chun to resign. He negotiated with revolutionaries and pressured the court. On February 12, 1912, Empress Dowager Longyu signed the abdication for Emperor Puyi, ending over 2,000 years of imperial rule in China.