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Wang Anshi (1021–1086) was a preeminent statesman, reformer, and literary figure of the Northern Song dynasty. His courtesy name was Jiefu, and he adopted the sobriquet Banshan (“Half Hill”). Born in Linchuan, Fuzhou (modern-day Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province), Wang passed the imperial civil service examination in 1042 (the second year of the Qingli reign).
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Hua Tuo (c. 145–208 CE) was a renowned physician of the late Eastern Han dynasty. His courtesy name was Yuanhua, and he was a native of Qiao County, Pei Commandery (present-day Bozhou, Anhui Province).
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The Art of War is a foundational treatise on military strategy, traditionally attributed to Sun Wu (commonly known as Sun Tzu), a general and strategist of the late Spring and Autumn period (c. 6th–5th century BCE). Recognized as the world’s oldest extant work on military theory, it holds a place of unparalleled significance in…
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Mohism was one of the major philosophical schools of the pre-Qin period in ancient China. It was founded by Mozi (personal name Di, also romanized as Mo Di).
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Mo Di (c. 468–376 BCE), commonly known as Mozi (“Master Mo”), was a seminal thinker, political theorist, and founder of the Mohist school during the transitional period between the Spring and Autumn and Warring States eras of ancient China. Born into a family of humble artisan or small-scale craftsman origins, Mozi possessed exceptional skill…
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Mozi is the title of the foundational text of Mohism, serving as a comprehensive compilation of writings by Mo Di‘s disciples and later followers. According to the Yiwenzhi (Treatise on Literature) in the Book of Han (Hanshu) compiled by Ban Gu in the Eastern Han dynasty, the original text comprised 71 chapters; today, 53…