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The Analects – Chapter 17.25
Confucius remarks women and petty folk are hard to get along with: too close and they grow disrespectful; too distant and they resent him. This much-debated line reflects ancient social limits and a lesson on balanced interpersonal boundaries.
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The Analects – Chapter 17.24
Confucius and Zigong list detestable conducts. Confucius condemns slanderers, insubordinates, reckless brave and stubborn men; Zigong loathes those masking plagiarism, arrogance and harsh criticism as wisdom, courage and candor, warning against fake virtues.
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The Analects – Chapter 17.21
Zai Wo suggests cutting parental mourning to one year over ritual decay worries. Confucius argues three years repay parents’ early care, criticizing Zai Wo’s lack of heartfelt filial benevolence, holding true rituals spring from sincere inner grief rather than superficial forms.