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The Analects – Chapter 31 (2.15). Learning-Reflection synergy
The Master said, “He who learns but does not think is lost. He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger.”
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The Analects – Chapter 30 (2.14). Inclusive integrity vs. Factional bias
The Master said: “The noble person practices inclusive integrity – they embrace all with impartial care, avoiding factional alliances. The petty person forms exclusive cliques — they bond through self-interest, lacking ethical consistency.
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The Analects – Chapter 29 (2.13). Words anchored in deeds
Zigong asked about the true gentleman. The Master said, “He does not preach what he practises till he has practised what he preaches.”
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The Analects – Chapter 28 (2.12). Not being a vessel
The Master said, “A gentleman is not an implement.”
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The Analects – Chapter 27 (2.11). Deriving new wisdom from past knowledge
The Master said, “He who by reanimating the Old can gain knowledge of the New is fit to be a teacher.”
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The Analects – Chapter 26 (2.10). Seeing beyond appearances
Analects 2.10 The Master said, “Look closely into his aims, observe the means by which he pursues them, discover what brings him content – and can the man’s real worth remain hidden from you, can it remain hidden from you?”