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Mencius – Chapter 10.6
Mencius argues scholars must not attach to lords as dependents. They may accept ruler’s relief but not unearned personal gifts. True respect for worthies means steady material support plus official power, not frequent trivial favors that humiliate virtuous men like Zisi.
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Mencius – Chapter 10.5
Mencius states scholars may take low-paid minor posts to escape poverty, as Confucius did managing stores and pastures. Two moral rules apply: low-ranking officials must not meddle in state affairs, while high officials shame themselves if they fail to uphold their ideals.
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Mencius – Chapter 10.4
Mencius stresses reverence in social exchanges and accepts ritual-compliant gifts, yet rejects stolen loot from murderers. He distinguishes criminal robbers from exploitative lords, explaining Confucius took office for three pragmatic reasons to gradually promote the Dao before departing.
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Mencius – Chapter 10.3
Mencius states true friendship centers on virtue, free from status, age or power. He cites nobles and rulers treating virtuous men as equals, arguing genuine respect from lords means granting them political authority, balancing honoring superiors and worthy subordinates.